Some cases of pulmonary fibrosis occur without known cause (this is called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Other cases are caused by exposure to environmental hazards (such as asbestos) and autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis).

Research shows that genetics do play a role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. The pulmonary fibrosis inherited is called familial pulmonary fibrosis.

Few risk factors can be avoided such as smoking as it helps reduce the risk of developing the condition.

Early detection is the key to slowing the progression and certain conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can impact disease prognosis.

Still the life expectancy of the patient with pulmonary fibrosis is three to five years after diagnosis.

Mild, moderate, severe, and very severe – these are the 4 stages of pulmonary fibrosis. The stage is decided by the lung capacity and the severity of the disease. As the disease progresses, patients lose lung capacity of breathing.

Each year as the disease progresses, pulmonary fibrosis patients will lose an average of between 150 mL and 200 mL of lung capacity, which can be monitored by spirometry (breathing tests).

Pulmonary rehab helps you learn the breathing techniques to help strengthen their lungs and slow disease progression.

As the disease progresses, patients are at risk of other health conditions like heart failure, lung infections and pulmonary embolism.

Currently no cure is available for pulmonary fibrosis. But treatment for pulmonary fibrosis can help reduce the symptoms. In sever case, lung transplant may be necessary.